Alvão Nature Park has 7,238.3 ha and is essentially a granitic area with some spots of shale and also countless rocky outcrops. Out of the, very deep, water lines we highlight the Olo river, associated to beautiful Fisgas do Ermelo waterfall. Vegetation includes a varied arboreal covering with oak woods on the higher areas. Leafy mixed woods alternate with exotic tree plantations. Presence of birch on riverbanks.

Agricultural areas include rye, corn and potato fields, marshes where the Marão cattle is raised and common lands where the goats are left to graze – and a area of shrub woodlands. Rare plants, such as the common sundew (Drosera rotundifolia), a carnivorous species that grows in flooded and poor soils and riverbanks, enrich the local flora. Fauna is typical from Portugal mountains interior north, highlighting the presence of the Iberian wolf and an interesting variety of amphibians and reptiles.

Characteristic in the Trás-os-Montes region is the rural architecture and villages, such as Lamas de Olo, Ermelo and Barreiro.